abstract：:Maternal reproductive investment includes both the energetic costs of gestation and lactation. For most humans, the metabolic costs of lactation will exceed those of gestation. Mothers must balance reproductive investment in any single offspring against future reproductive potential. Among mammals broadly, mothers may...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Quinn EA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans (AMHs) may have lived in close proximity in the Near East region during Middle Paleolithic times. Although functional morphological analyses suggest a marked behavioral contrast between these two human groups, new dental micro- and macro-wear studies, together with new archa...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Fiorenza L,Kullmer O

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pliopithecinae and Crouzeliinae (Primates: Pliopithecidae) are distinguished dentally by the sharper crests, more compressed cusps, larger foveae, and narrower molars of the latter. Traditionally, such differences were qualitatively related to increased folivory in crouzeliines. This was subsequently disproved by micr...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： DeMiguel D,Alba DM,Moyà-Solà S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurately estimating biological sex from the human skeleton can be especially difficult for fragmentary or incomplete remains often encountered in bioarchaeological contexts. Where typical anatomically dimorphic skeletal regions are incomplete or absent, observers often take their best guess to classify biological se...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Passalacqua NV,Zhang Z,Pierce SJ

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent biomechanical analyses examining the feeding adaptations of early hominins have yielded results consistent with the hypothesis that hard foods exerted a selection pressure that influenced the evolution of australopith morphology. However, this hypothesis appears inconsistent with recent reconstructions of early...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Strait DS,Constantino P,Lucas PW,Richmond BG,Spencer MA,Dechow PC,Ross CF,Grosse IR,Wright BW,Wood BA,Weber GW,Wang Q,Byron C,Slice DE,Chalk J,Smith AL,Smith LC,Wood S,Berthaume M,Benazzi S,Dzialo C,Tamvada K,

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primate fossil assemblages often have metacarpals and phalanges from which functional/behavioral interpretations may be inferred. For example, intrinsic hand proportions can indicate hand function and substrate use. But, estimates of intrinsic hand proportions from unassociated hand elements can be imperfect due to di...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Venkataraman VV,Rolian C,Gordon AD,Patel BA

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most common live-born human aneuploidy is trisomy 21, which causes Down syndrome (DS). Dosage imbalance of genes on chromosome 21 (Hsa21) affects complex gene-regulatory interactions and alters development to produce a wide range of phenotypes, including characteristic facial dysmorphology. Little is known about h...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Starbuck JM,Cole TM 3rd,Reeves RH,Richtsmeier JT

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lack of independence of data points or the pooling fallacy has been suggested as a potential problem in the study of handedness in nonhuman primates, particularly as it relates to whether hand use responses should be recorded as individual events or bouts of activity. Here, I argue that there is no evidence that the c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hopkins WD

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predation is proposed to be one of the most important factors influencing the evolution of mammalian societies. Although predation risk is thought to influence both the behavior and grouping patterns of most diurnal primates, evidence supporting this hypothesis is still limited. The spatial and temporal patterns of mi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Link A,Di Fiore A

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the impact of post-marital residence patterns on the distribution of genetic variation within populations have returned conflicting results. These studies have generally examined genetic diversity within and between groups with different post-marriage residence patterns. Here, we directly examine Y chromoso...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Raaum RL,Al-Meeri A,Mulligan CJ

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excessive central fat in children and adolescents is a risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. This study aimed to compare the body fat distribution patterns of children and adolescents in Abeokuta, Nigeria with international reference standards. Five hundred seventy children aged 5 to 19 years were se...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Senbanjo IO,Oshikoya KA,Olutekunbi OA,Njokanma OF

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Bantu languages are widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Genetic research supports linguists and historians who argue that migration played an important role in the spread of this language family, but the genetic data also indicates a more complex process involving substantial gene flow with resident ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Batai K,Babrowski KB,Arroyo JP,Kusimba CM,Williams SR

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mobility and migration patterns of groups and individuals have long been a topic of interest to archaeologists, used for broad explanatory models of cultural change as well as illustrations of historical particularism. The 14th century AD was a tumultuous period of history in Britain, with severely erratic weather pat...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kendall EJ,Montgomery J,Evans JA,Stantis C,Mueller V

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While hybridization has been reported for a large number of primate taxa, there is a general lack of data on hybrid morphology for wild individuals with known genetic ancestry. A confirmed hybrid zone for the closely related Neotropical primates Alouatta palliata and A. pigra has provided a unique opportunity to study...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kelaita MA,Cortés-Ortiz L

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unclear whether earlier age at menarche is associated with higher body mass index (BMI) because they share a common genetic underpinning. We investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing menarche timing on peripubertal BMI. For 556 Fels Longitudinal Study children (277 boys/279 gi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Johnson W,Choh AC,Curran JE,Czerwinski SA,Bellis C,Dyer TD,Blangero J,Towne B,Demerath EW

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study is to present the characteristics of a collection of identified infants and young children housed in the Laboratory of Anthropology of the University of Granada, Spain. The sample, which is still being enlarged, is currently composed of 230 complete skeletons aged from 5 months of gestation...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Alemán I,Irurita J,Valencia AR,Martínez A,López-Lázaro S,Viciano J,Botella MC

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The movement of humans into the Americas remains a major topic of debate among scientific disciplines. Central to this discussion is ascertaining the timing and migratory routes of the earliest colonizers, in addition to understanding their ancestry. Molecular studies have recently argued that the colonizing populatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Auerbach BM

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haplogroup R1a1-M198 is a major clade of Y chromosomal haplogroups which is distributed all across Eurasia. To this date, many efforts have been made to identify large SNP-based subgroups and migration patterns of this haplogroup. The origin and spread of R1a1 chromosomes in Eurasia has, however, remained unknown due ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Pamjav H,Fehér T,Németh E,Pádár Z

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This set of cross-sectional and longitudinal data from children and young adults in certain Bougainville and Solomon Islands populations undergoing rapid modernization during the period 1966-1986 reveals very different responses to essentially the same stimuli-the introduction and widespread availability of western di...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Weitz CA,Friedlaender FR,Van Horn A,Friedlaender JS

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the 1930s subadult hominin remains and Mousterian artifacts were discovered in the Teshik-Tash cave in South Uzbekistan. Since then, the majority of the scientific community has interpreted Teshik-Tash as a Neanderthal. However, some have considered aspects of the morphology of the Teshik-Tash skull to be more simi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gunz P,Bulygina E

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents the results of a study of infant diet at two Iron Age sites on the island of Öland, Sweden. The cemetery at Bjärby contained a large number of subadults who had survived the earliest years of life, whereas most individuals at Triberga had died by 6 months of age. To investigate whether difference...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Howcroft R,Eriksson G,Lidén K

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Miles method of age estimation relies on molar wear to estimate age and is widely used in bioarcheological contexts. However, because the method requires physical seriation and a sample of subadults to estimate wear rates it cannot be applied to many samples. Here, we modify the Miles method by scoring occlusal we...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gilmore CC,Grote MN

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines social and environmental influences on the development of hypertension in a sample of 568 adults (290 men; 278 women) aged 20 years and older from Dakar, Senegal. We test the hypothesis that more recent immigrants to the city of Dakar will have lower blood pressure and lower rates of hypertension...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Duboz P,Macia E,Chapuis-Lucciani N,Boëtsch G,Gueye L

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now known that several population movements have taken place at different times throughout southern Arabian prehistory. One of the principal questions under debate is if the Early Holocene peopling of southern Arabia was mainly due to input from the Levant during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, to the expansion of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Al-Abri A,Podgorná E,Rose JI,Pereira L,Mulligan CJ,Silva NM,Bayoumi R,Soares P,Cerný V

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Distinguishing human from non-human bone fragments is usually accomplished by observation of gross morphology. When macroscopic analysis is insufficient, histological approaches can be applied. Microscopic features, like plexiform bone or osteon banding, are characteristic of non-humans. In the absence of such feature...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dominguez VM,Crowder CM

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Geographic information systems (GIS) software is typically used for analyzing geographically distributed data, allowing users to annotate points or areas on a map and attach data for spatial analyses. While traditional GIS-based research involves geo-referenced data (points tied to geographic locations), the use of th...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rose DC,Agnew AM,Gocha TP,Stout SD,Field JS

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although previous studies have characterized the genetic structure of populations from Haiti and Jamaica using classical and autosomal STR polymorphisms, the patrilineal influences that are present in these countries have yet to be explored. To address this lacuna, the current study aims to investigate, for the first ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Simms TM,Wright MR,Hernandez M,Perez OA,Ramirez EC,Martinez E,Herrera RJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate sex assignment of ancient human remains usually relies on the availability of coxal bones or well-preserved DNA. Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) stable isotope compositions ((56)Fe/(54)Fe and (65)Cu/(63)Cu, respectively) were recently measured in modern human blood, and an unexpected result was the discovery of a (...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Jaouen K,Balter V,Herrscher E,Lamboux A,Telouk P,Albarède F

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the relatively large size of anthropoid incisors in relation to the remainder of the dental arcade, and their prominent role in the preprocessing of food prior to ingestion, comparatively little is known about the functional morphology of anthropoid incisor shape and crown curvature. The relationship between i...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Deane A

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the influence of nutritional status on the emergence of deciduous dentition in a cross-sectional sample of 510 rural Rajput children from the Jubbal and Kotkhai Tehsils, Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh, India. The nutritional status of each child was evaluated using Z-scores of height/supine le...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gaur R,Kumar P

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food sharing among nonkin-one of the most fascinating cooperative behaviors in humans-is not widespread in nonhuman primates. Over the past few years, a large body of work has investigated the contexts in which primates cooperate and share food with unrelated individuals. This work has successfully demonstrated that s...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dubuc C,Hughes KD,Cascio J,Santos LR

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lactase persistence (LP) is the phenotypic trait in which lactase secretion is maintained during adulthood. LP is due to mutations in the LCT enhancer region, located 14-kb upstream of the gene. In Europeans, the -13910*T allele is associated with LP. In Africans this allele is rare while other mutations in this same ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Friedrich DC,Callegari-Jacques SM,Petzl-Erler ML,Tsuneto L,Salzano FM,Hutz MH

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Maresh reference data on stature and long bone lengths in a sample of healthy middle-class children from Denver, Colorado [Maresh: Am J Dis Child 66 (1943) 227-257; Maresh: Am J Dis Child 89 (1955) 725-742; Maresh: Human growth and development (1970) p 155-200], have been used extensively by biological anthropolog...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Schillaci MA,Sachdev HP,Bhargava SK

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In placental mammals, pregnancy usually is associated with an increase in maternal androgens, which may significantly impact fetal growth and differentiation, and affect postnatal development and behavior. Owing to their slow life histories and challenging social conditions, determination of maternal androgens and pot...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Fürtbauer I,Heistermann M,Schülke O,Ostner J

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Museum curators and living communities are sometimes reluctant to permit ancient DNA (aDNA) studies of human skeletal remains because the extraction of aDNA usually requires the destruction of at least some skeletal material. Whether these views stem from a desire to conserve precious materials or an objection to dest...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bolnick DA,Bonine HM,Mata-Míguez J,Kemp BM,Snow MH,LeBlanc SA

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ontogenetic samples of endocranial volumes (EVs) from great apes and humans are critical for understanding the evolution of the brain growth pattern in the hominin lineage. However, high quality ontogenetic data are scarce, especially for nonhuman primates. Here, we provide original data derived from an osteological c...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Neubauer S,Gunz P,Schwarz U,Hublin JJ,Boesch C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three fundamental ontogenetic pathways lead to the development of size differences between males and females. Males and females may grow at the same rate for different durations (bimaturism), grow for the same duration at different rates, or grow at a mix of rate and duration differences. While patterns of growth and ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： O'Mara MT,Gordon AD,Catlett KK,Terranova CJ,Schwartz GT

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in height and body proportions is relatively well-understood at the inter-population level, but less is known about intra-population variation. This study explores intra-population variation in body proportions among 172 (88 female; 84 male) adult rural Amazonians. We test the hypotheses that: (1) stunting i...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vercellotti G,Piperata BA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent analyses of mitochondrial genomes from Native Americans have brought the overall number of recognized maternal founding lineages from just four to a current count of 15. However, because of their relative low frequency, almost nothing is known for some of these lineages. This leaves a considerable void in under...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Hooshiar Kashani B,Perego UA,Olivieri A,Angerhofer N,Gandini F,Carossa V,Lancioni H,Semino O,Woodward SR,Achilli A,Torroni A

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Celebrations and bursts of communal joy can occur spontaneously in human communities based on mechanisms of emotional contagion. Some examples of similar collective excitement have been reported in animals when they reunite or anticipate rewards, but little is known about the processes and meaning of these multiple in...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： De Marco A,Cozzolino R,Dessì-Fulgheri F,Thierry B

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00